32. Blood is Thicker than Water
Meaning: Family comes first
In ancient cultures, blood rituals between men symbolized bonds that were far greater than those of family. The saying also has to do with “blood brothers,” because warriors who symbolically shared the blood they shed in battle together were said to have stronger bonds than biological brothers.
31. Break the Ice
Meaning: To commence a project or a relationship
Port cities that thrived on trade suffered during the winter because frozen waters prevented commercial ships from entering the city. Ships known as icebreakers would keep supply lines open by breaking the ice and creating a path ships to sail through. People commonly refer to major life decisions as choosing a path. The undertaking of a personal relationship can be seen as going down a certain path with another. This is why “breaking the ice” is often used to refer to the first interaction between people before they begin a relationship.
30. Butter Someone Up
Meaning: To compliment or flatter with the intention of personal benefit
An ancient Indian custom involved throwing balls of butter at statues of the gods. This was done to seek favor from the gods and the hope was that it would ultimately improve one's life situation.
29. Bury the hatchet
Meaning: To make peace
This one dates back to the early times North America when the settlers were in conflict with the Native Americans. As part of the peace negotiation, the Native Americans were asked to bury all their hatchets, knives, clubs, and tomahawks literally making their weapons inaccessible.
28. Caught Red-Handed
Meaning: To be undoubtably caught in the act of
This expression has its origins in Scotland around the 15th century. In the earliest references, the phrase “red hand” or “redhand” referred to people caught with blood on their hands from murder or poaching. There was actually a law at the time that stated to be convicted of poaching, one would have to still have the blood on their hands, the presence of freshly butchered meat was not enough.
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27. Eat Humble Pie
Meaning: Suffering humiliation after offering an apology
During the Middle Ages, the lord of a manor would hold a feast after hunting. He would receive the finest cuts of meat and distribute them amongst his family and close friends. Those of a lower standing were served a pie filled with the entrails and innards, known as “umbles.” Therefore, receiving “umble pie” was considered humiliating because it informed others in attendance of the guest’s lower status.
26. Give the Cold Shoulder
Meaning: Ignoring or making one feel unwanted
Although giving someone the cold shoulder today is considered rude, it was actually regarded as a polite gesture in medieval England. After a feast, the host would let his guests know it was time to leave by giving them a cold piece of meat from the shoulder of an animal.
25. Go Cold Turkey
Meaning: To quit something abruptly
The skin of a plucked turkey, or chicken for that matter, is usually cold and covered in goose bumps. During withdrawal, the skin of an addict could become covered with goose bumps. Withdrawal is also known to make addicts feel hot-and-cold and shiver uncontrollably. It is said that they look like a plucked turkey.
24. Go the Whole 9 Yards
Meaning: To complete a task, or go all the way
World War II Fighter pilots received a 9 yard chain of ammunition. Therefore, when a pilot spent all of his ammunition he has gone “the whole 9 yards.”
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23. Jaywalker
Meaning: One who crosses the street illegally
Jay birds that traveled outside of the forest into urban areas often became confused and unaware of the potential dangers in the city – like traffic. Amused by their erratic behavior, people began using the term “Jaywalker” to describe someone who crossed the street irresponsibly.
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22. Kick the Bucket
Meaning: To die
When a cow was killed at a slaughterhouse, a bucket was placed under it while it was being slaughtered. Sometimes the animal’s legs would kick during this process it would literally kick the bucket as it is being killed.
21. Let Your Hair Down
Meaning: To relax
Parisian nobles risked condemnation from their peers if they appeared in public without their hair done in an elaborate fashion. Some of the more intricate styles required hours standing in place while their servants worked on their hair. It was a relaxing ritual for these ladies to come home at the end of a day and let their hair down.
20. More Than You Can Shake a Stick At
Meaning: Having more than you need
Farmers controlled their sheep by shaking their staffs to indicate where the animals should go. When farmers had more sheep than they could control, it was said they had “more than you can shake a stick at.”
19. No Spring Chicken
Meaning: Past prime or old
Chicken farmers generally sold chickens in the spring, so the chickens born in the springtime yielded better earnings than the chickens that survived the winter. Sometimes, farmers tried to sell older birds for the price of a new spring chicken. Buyers would claim the older birds are “no spring chicken,” and the term came to represent anyone past their prime.
18. Rub the Wrong Way
Meaning: To annoy someone
In the 18th century, servants were required to wet-rub and dry-rub the oak floors of their employer's homes each week. Doing it against the grain caused streaks to form, ruining the look of the wood. This undoubtably would irritate the homeowner.
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17. Rule of Thumb
Meaning: A standard best practice
It is said that a 17th century English Judge ruled it was permissible for a husband to beat his wife with a stick, given that the stick was no wider than his thumb. This became known as the rule of thumb.
16. Show Your True Colors
Meaning: To reveal one’s true nature
Warships used to fly multiple flags to confuse their enemies. The rules of warfare stated that a ship had to hoist its true flag before firing and hence before a ship would launch an attack, it would display its country’s true colors, revealing which side of the battle the ship is on.
15. Sleep Tight
Meaning: Have a nice sleep
During the Middle Ages, mattresses were supported on bed frames by ropes. In order to make mattress sit evenly, the ropes that supported the mattress needed to be tight. Over time these ropes would need to be tightened to ensure the person sleeping on it has a deep, refreshing sleep.
14. Spill the Beans
Meaning: To reveal a secret
In Ancient Greece, beans were used by politicians to cast their votes on various topics. One container for each outcome was set out for beans to be placed in which represented a vote. At the end the beans would be spilled out and counted. This would reveal the outcome of the confidential vote.
13. Waking Up on the Wrong Side of the Bed
Meaning: Waking up in a bad mood
In the Middle Ages, he left side of the body or anything having to do with the left was often associated considered sinister. To ward off evil, innkeepers made sure the left side of the bed was pushed against a wall, so guests had no other option but to get up on the right side of the bed.
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12. Pulling my leg
Meaning: To tell a lie in an attempt at humor
This phrase actually has sinister origins. Eighteenth century street thieves would literally pull victims down by their leg in order to rob them.
11. Break a leg
Meaning: Good Luck
Superstitions run rampant in the theater, and one such superstition is that wishing someone good luck is actually going to have the opposite effect. Instead ,one would be wished ill will, such as breaking a leg on stage, since the opposite was supposed to occur.
10. Can't hold a candle to
Meaning: Not as skilled
Before electricity, skilled workers needed a second set of hands to hold a candle for them as they did their work. Holding the candle was clearly a less challenging job, so someone the less qualified worker would provide light to a better one.
9."Close, but no cigar."
Meaning: Almost, but not quite
Carnivals used to give out cigars as prizes, so almost winning would get you close to achieving a cigar, but not quite. The phrase evolved in meaning and now refers to coming close to a goal but falling short.
8. Mind your p's and q's
Meaning: Mind your manners
In the 17th century, pubs served beer in pints and quarts. If a patron was getting drunk, the bartender might warn them to mind their p's and q's. Now the term simply means to mind your manners, drunk or not.
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7. Three sheets to the wind
Meaning: Very drunk
Sailors had a lot of terms for being drunk and they all related to the ship. Being tipsy was "a sheet in the wind's eye" and being hammered was a full "three sheets to the wind." The sheets in question were actually the sails, so if all three ropes which held the sheets were loose (the sailor was drunk), the sails would blow all over the place, not unlike a stumbling drunken sailor.
6.White Elephant
Meaning: Valuable but not worth the cost of upkeep
Albino elephants were highly regarded in Southeast Asia, and they were cared for lavishly. The term "white elephant" eventually evolved to mean any valuable but burdensome possession of which its owner cannot dispose and whose cost of upkeep is out of proportion to its usefulness or worth.
5. Mad as a hatter
Meaning: To be completely crazy
In the 17th and 18th centuries poisoning occurred among hat makers who used mercury, a poisonous substance unbeknownst at the time, for the hat felt. The “Mad Hatter Disease” was marked by shyness, irritability, and tremors that would make the person appear “mad.”
4. Barking up the wrong tree
Meaning: To have misjudged a situation
This refers to hunting dogs that may have chased their prey up a tree. The dogs bark, assuming that the prey is still in the tree, when the prey is no longer there.
3. Turn a blind eye
Meaning: To ignore situations, facts, or reality
The British Naval hero, Admiral Horatio Nelson, had one blind eye. Once when the British forces signaled for him to stop attacking a fleet of Danish ships, he held up a telescope to his blind eye and said, “I do not see the signal.” He attacked and was victorious.
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2. The Cat is out of the Bag
Meaning: Reveal a secret
Farmers used to bring piglets into market in a bag as they were very difficult to catch if they got loose. Fraudulent farmers would substitute a cat for a piglet at markets. If you let the cat out of the bag you revealed the lie.
1. Cat Got Your Tongue?
Meaning: Unable to come up with the words
This refers to a common military punishment, flogging from a whip which contained many strands rather than one single strand. This type of whip is known as a cat-o’-nine-tails and is said to have caused so much pain that the victims were left speechless.
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